5 No nā Palapala Hoʻoilina o ka Honuaʻo UNESCO i kākoʻoʻoleʻia ma India

01 o 06

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka UNESCO Heritage Heritage in India

Ua heluʻiaʻo India i kahi palapala hoʻohui'āina UNESCO, kahi i mālamaʻia e ka Archeological Survey of India. Aia lākou i 25 mau kikowaena moʻomeheu (iʻikeʻia e ko lākouʻoihana akamai pōhaku) a meʻehiku kahua kūlohelohe. Uaʻike nuiʻia ka hapa nui o lākou e like me ka Taj Mahal ma Agra, Red Fort ma Delhi, nā huina o Hampi ma Karnataka, nā hale malumalu ma Khajuraho , Ajanta a me Ellora i Maharashtra, a me Sundarbans National Park ma West Bengal.

Eia nō naʻe, he nui nā wahiʻikeʻole iʻike nuiʻia. ʻO kekahi o lākou,ʻaʻole pahaʻoe i lohe.

02 o 06

Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park, Gujarat

Ua laweʻiaʻo Champaner a me Pavagadh i nā waiwai o ka mōʻaukala, kālai'āina, a me nā mea kālai'āina mai nāʻano Muslim a me Hindu, e pili ana i waena o nā kenekulia 8 a 14. ʻO kēia mau pūnaewele he puʻu puʻuhonua, nā hale aliʻi, kahi hoʻomana (Jama Masjid kekahi o nā mōloka kaulana loa ma Gujarat), nā wahi noho, nā loko a me nā pūnāwai.

ʻO ka heluna o nā monuments ma Champaner kahi iʻoi aku i ka 100! ʻO kēia kūlanakauhale ma waena o kahi he 145 mau mile (90 mile) hema hikina o Ahmedabad a 50 kilomita (31 mau mile) ma ka'ākau o Vadodara ma Gujarat. Ua lilo ia i ke poʻokela o ka moku'āina i nā kenekulia 15 a me ka 16, ma hope o ke kuʻiʻana o Sultan Mahmud Begada o Ahmedabad (ke moʻopuna a Ahmed Shah, nāna i hoʻokumu iā Ahmedabad) i ka wā ma hope o kahi kaua lōʻihi. Ua kūkuluʻo ia i nā monumoku nui a me nā wai wai ma laila. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻopauʻia nā lā hanohano o ke kūlanakauhale i ka makahiki 1535, i ka manawa i laweʻia e Mughal Emperor Humayun a hoʻihoʻiʻia ke kapikala i Ahmedabad.

Ma kahi kokoke, i ka'ākau o Champaner,ʻo Pavagadh Hill kahi i piʻi nui ai i 800 mika (2,600 kapuaʻi) mai nā wahi ākea. ʻO Atopʻo ia ka Haleʻo Kalika Mata, i hoʻolaʻaʻia no ke akua makuahineʻo Kali. He luakini nui ia no ka shakti (wahine ikaika) a hoʻomana aʻo ia kekahi o nā wahi pilikino Hindu i kaulana loa ma Gujarat. ʻO ka naʻauʻole, he luakini Muslim kahi i kūkuluʻia ma luna o ia luakini.

No ke aha he kahua hoʻoilina honua?

ʻO ka Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park kahi wale nō i hoʻokomoʻia ma mua o Mughal ma'Ania. He kumu maikaʻi loa ia o ke poʻo waiwai pōkole, a he mau mea pōpilikia no ka hoʻopiʻiʻana mai ka nohona hou, nā ululāʻau, a me ka haʻalele. Hoʻohui maikaʻiʻia kona hale e ka pilina a me ka Hindu. ʻO ka mea nui, ua hoʻohanaʻia keʻano kūikawā o kona mō'ī nui (Jama Masjid) no ka hoʻolālā hale kūʻai ma India.

03 o 06

Ka hui o nā hōʻailona ma Pattadakal, Karnataka

Uaʻike pinepineʻia nā hoʻomanaʻo Pattadakal me nā kahua hoʻoilina o Badami (ma muaʻo Vatapi) a me Aihole i kahi lā hele mai Hampi mai. ʻO kēia'āina ka puʻuwai o ke aupuni Chalukya, kahi i noho aliʻi ma waena o nā kenekulia 4 a hiki i ka 8. Ua manaʻoʻiaʻo Pattadakal ka manawa nui o ko lākou poʻokela a me kahi i kau aliʻiʻia ai ko lākou mō'ī.

ʻO nā monuments he mau malumaluʻeiwa mau Hindu a he hale kapu Jain, i hoʻopuniʻia e nā wahi haʻahaʻa he nui. ʻO ka hana kaulana o ka luakiniʻo Virupaksha i kūkuluʻia e kekahi mō'īwahine -ʻaʻole he mō'ī! Ua kūkuluʻiaʻo Queen Lokamahadevi i 740 e hoʻokipa i ka lanakila o kāna kāne ma luna o Pallavas o Kanchipuram ma Tamil Nadu.

ʻO ke kumu o ka hilinaʻiʻana o nā hale i nā mea hihihihi a me nā kaha kiʻi i uhiʻia. Ua hoʻonaniʻia ka hale piha o ka Halepuleʻo Virupaksha me nā pena kiʻi a me nā kiʻi kiʻi, e like me nā episodes mai Ramayana a me Bhagavad Gita.

No ke aha he kahua hoʻoilina honua?

ʻO ka hui o nā palena'āina ma Pattadakal monuments ka hopena o nā hoʻokolohua mua loa ma kaʻano Vesara o ka halepule o ka luakini Hindu. Hoʻohui kēiaʻano i nāʻano Dravidian (hema) a me Nāra (ma ka'ākau) o ka hoʻolālā halepule. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻonaʻano'ē aʻe o ka style Vesara ma Karnataka,ʻo nā luakini Hoysala ma Belur, Halebidu a me Somnathpura.

04 o 06

ʻO Rock Rock of Bhimbetka, Madhya Pradesh

Aia nā pā hale pōhakuʻo Bhimbetka ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa o nā mauna Vindhya ma ka mokuʻo Raisen o Madhya Pradesh , ma loko o ka Hale Hōʻoniʻoni Ratapani. Maikaʻi lākou i Bhopal, kokoke i hoʻokahi hora.

Aia ma mua o 700 hale paʻahao, nui loa i hui pūʻia i loko o nā puʻuʻelima ma waena o ka nahele nui. Uaʻike waleʻia kēia mau hale hāmama i ka makahiki 1957 (aʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi pōpilikia). Loaʻa i kahiʻike o nā meaʻokoʻa, ua hoʻomauʻia nā hale a hoʻi i ka makahiki Paleolithic a ua'ōleloʻia kekahi poʻe i nohoʻia e Homo erectus (kahi mua o kānaka) ma mua o 100,000 mau makahiki aku nei. Hōʻikeʻia nā hōʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona mua loa o ke ola kanaka ma ka subcontinent India a me ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka makahiki'Akelika Heʻe (mai ka 50,000-3000 BC). Nui nā mea kani pōhaku i loaʻa i laila, me nā koʻi a me nā mea pipili.

Aia ma kahi o 400 mau hale paʻahao pōhaku i penaʻia i nā kiʻi pena, i hanaʻia i nā manawa likeʻole. Hōʻikeʻia ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona i nāʻano kuʻuna o nā poʻe Adivasi ka poʻe e puni ana i nā hale.

No ke aha he kahua hoʻoilina honua?

Ke hōʻike nei nā Rock Rock of Bhimbetka a me kā lākou kiʻiʻoihana lōʻihi i ka pilina lōʻihi ma waena o nā poʻe a me ka'āina, a ua pili pū kekahi me ka hoʻokele a me ka hoʻokele waiwai.

05 o 06

Ka Hale Kūʻai Manas, Assam

E noʻonoʻo i nā paka'āina ma'Asama, a hiki i ka manawaʻo Kaziranga . Eia nō naʻe, he wahiʻokoʻa kūpona kekahi o Assam i kahi kahua hoʻoilina honua.

Kūkulu ka Hale Kūʻali Manas Wilds i ka muliwai Manas ma'Asama, kahi māmā i ka mākau o ka'ākau hikina o India , a pili i Bhutan. ʻO kona mau puke momona a me nā wahi ulu o nā ulu lāʻau, he mea nui ia no ka nui o nā mea laulā a me nā mea lapuwale. ʻO kēia mau mea e like me nā'ōpū, nā'eneʻenelo, nā kukui, nā pygmy hogs, nāʻae hepid, nā kuhukū o'Asama, a me Bengal florican. He nui ka lehulehu o nā buffalo wai.

ʻO ka hana hōʻeuʻeu a me nā hana hoʻolālā ka hopena i ka hoʻonohonohoʻiaʻana o ka luakini ma ka Palapala Hōʻikeʻike o ka World in Danger list i ka makahiki 1992. Akā, ua weheʻia mai ka papa inoa i ka makahiki 2011 ma hope o ka holomua o ka hoʻomaluʻana.

Hiki keʻimiʻia kahi ho'āno e nā kipuni a me nā safarāʻeleʻele i ke kakahiaka nui a me ke awakea. Aia ma kahi oʻelima mau hora mai Guwahati mai.

No ke aha he kahua hoʻoilina honua?

He wahi kūlohelohe kahi o ka Monasona Wildlife Wildlife kahi iʻikeʻia no kona mauʻano waiwaiolaola nui, nā mea nani a me ka'āina. Hiki ke loaʻa i laila he 22 o nā meaola nui loa o India i laila. ʻO ka nui,ʻo ka hale kapu kahi kokoke i 60 mau mammalm, 42 mauʻano'ōpiopio,ʻehiku amphibians, a me 500 mau manu.

06 o 06

He National Park Hemaana,ʻo Himachal Pradesh

ʻO kekahi o nā'Āina Hoʻoilina o UNESCOʻo UNESCO hou loa,ʻo ia ka Pākīpika nuiʻo Himalawa i hoʻokomoʻia i ka papa inoa i ka makahiki 2014. Aia ka papa ma ka'āpanaʻo Kullu o Himachal Pradesh a hāmama i 900 kilomika kilomika (90,500 heketa). He mau awāwaʻehā kona, a heʻano'āina likeʻole e kū mai kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ke kahawai kiʻekiʻe e piʻi ai i 6,000 mau mika (19,700 kapuaʻi) ma luna o kaʻilikai a hiki i nā ululāʻau ākea 2000,000 (6,600 kapuaʻi) ma luna o kaʻilikai.

ʻO ka poʻe i aloha i ka wao nahele, eʻike lākou he wahi maʻalahi eʻimi ai. ʻO kona wahi mamao,'ākea a me ka papaʻole eʻimiʻia e nā trekkers. ʻO ka mea kūpono a me ka nui o nā mea kū i ka hohonu i loko o ka wahi maoli! Aia kekahi mau alanui alakaʻi e hoʻolālāʻia, e kū ana mai nā lāʻekolu aʻewalu, me nā alahele ma waena o nā awāwaʻo Tirthan a me Sainj. Hiki i nā lā hele lōʻihi ke hiki ma ka papa hoʻolālā Ecozone ma kaʻaoʻao hema hema, e hele pinepineʻia e nā tri tri.

Hāʻawiʻia nā helena a me nā huakaʻi e kahi hui kaiauluʻo Sunshine Himalayan Adventures ma ka launa pūʻana me Biodiversity Tourism and Community Advancement (kahi hui kaiaulu,ʻo ia hoʻi nā'ōpiopio o ke kūlanakauhale). Hiki ke hoʻokaʻaʻike me nā kama'āina a aʻo e pili ana i kā lākou mau hana.

No ke aha he kahua hoʻoilina honua?

Ua mālama nuiʻia ka National Park Heliana no ka mālamaʻana i ka mālama ola. No ka mea,ʻo nā mea hōʻeha mai nā wahi noho kanaka e hopohopo loa ana i kāna mau meaola a me nā iʻa i hoʻomaluʻia, ua hoʻoikaikaʻia nā hana e pili ana i nā kama'āina o ka'āina i nā hana hoʻomalu a me ke kākoʻoʻana i keʻano o ke kākoʻo.