Bletchley Park - Ua hoʻopukaʻia ka moʻolelo hihihihi:
Hale Park Bletchley, ma kahi o 50 mau mile ma ke komohana o Lādana, e like me keʻano o ka hale o Victorian i ka manawa hoʻokahi. Ua kūkuluʻia no kahi kālā waiwai nui o ke Kulanuiʻo Lākana i ka makahiki 1883, ua kokoke e wāwahiʻia ke aupuni o Beritania, ma ke kaʻe o ke Kaua Honua II, i loaʻa iā ia no kekahi kumu'ē aʻe. I ka wā o ke Kaua Honuaʻelua a hiki i nā makahiki mua loa o ka Cold War, ua hōʻoleʻo Bletchley i ka hana maoli a me ka hana kolohe - he kumu i waiho mauʻia i ke kānāwai Secrets Act no nā makahiki.
No ka mea maʻaneʻi, ma hope o ka puka pani a hūnā hohonu i waenakonu o kahi kūʻai he 60 mau hale, ua kālepa nā hae Pelekania i nā kānāwai Enigma o Nazi Germany.
I kēia manawa, ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻikeʻo Bletchley a me ka Pūnaewele Kuleana National , ua haʻiʻia kēlā moʻolelo hilahila.
He aha ka Enigma ?:
ʻO Enigma he mīkini e hoʻopiliʻia e nā poʻe Germans ma waena o kaʻAha mua a me kaʻelua o nā Kaua. Ua nānāʻia e like me ka mea kākau kākau, akā, ma o ka pūnaewele o nā rotors mechanically a me nā mea iʻike ponoʻia i loko, ua hiki ke hoʻololiʻia nā leka a me nā hui o nā leka i nā pani i kohoʻia. Uaʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā code i ka hoʻololiʻana i kahi leka no kekahi. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, aia nō he mau miliona miliona - a hiki paha i nā piliona - o nā hui pūnaewele. ʻO ke kī, hoʻololi i kēlā lā i kēia lā, wehe i ka code i hiki ke hoʻounaʻia a hoʻomaopopoʻia nā leka. ʻO ka weheʻana i ka hana o nā kānāwai Enigma i hāʻawi nui i ka lanakila no nā Allies i ke Kaua Honua II.
ʻO wai ka mea i wehe i ke Code Enigma ?:
I ka makahiki 2000, ua pīhoihoi nā mea hōʻilona Pelekānia ma luna o kahi kiʻiʻAmelika, U-517 (Hoʻohālikelike i nā uku), e pili ana i kahi holo'ōpiopio, nā moku mokuʻAmelika ma ka misionari e hopu i kahi mīkini Enigma i wikiwiki i ka hopena o ke kaua ma ka MoanaʻAkelanika.
Uaʻike nō nā poʻe a pau ma Beretaniaʻo ka Royal Navy i lawe i ka mīkini aʻo ia nā kapuaʻi pūnaewele ma Bletchly Park nāna i wehe - he moʻolelo i hōʻikeʻia i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o Enigma (Hoʻohālikelike i nā uku), he kiʻi me Kate Winslet e like me ka wartime thriller Enigma, na Robert Harris.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻokumuʻia nā kiʻi'ē aʻe ma nā moʻolelo maoli. Ua heluheluʻia nā leka Enigma i ka makahiki 1940 ma hope o ka hopuʻiaʻana o kekahi mau huila rotor i ka poʻe i koe o kahi moku Umanaka i holo mai Scotland. A, i ka makahiki 1941, ua lawe nā British Command Royal Navy Commandos i nā māhini Enigma a me ko lākou mau kī - mai kahi kanaka lawaiʻa mai ke kahakaiʻo Norway a mahope mai o U-110.
Akā, i ka mahinaʻo Iune 1944, ua laweʻia e kekahi HuiʻOihana Navy Taskono i kekahi mīkini me ka mea kākau Enigma mai kahi moku Ulemānia'ē aʻe, U-505, he mea nui hoʻi i ka hōʻailona WWII.
A, no ka hāʻawiʻana i ka hōʻai'ē kahi i kūpono ai ka hōʻai'ē, ua hana mua nā pole Polish i nā kānāwai o Enigma i nā makahiki 1930, ma mua o ka hoʻoiliʻana o ke kaua. Ua hāʻawi aku lākou i ko lākouʻike i ka'ōlelo Pelekānia a hāʻawi pū aku iā ia me ka poʻe Pelekania.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua nui nā mechanic Enigma a me ke kaʻina o ka hakiʻana i kā lākou mau māka - hele ma ka Bletchley Park - ma ke kaua.
He aha kāu eʻike ai ma Bletchley Park ?:
- ʻEiwa mau mīkini Enigma, e like me ka mea i ukuʻia mai ka US National Crytologic Museum; kekahi, hoʻohanaʻia i loko o ke Kaua Kaua Aupuni Sepania ma ke noiʻana mai ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike oʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa ma Toledo, Sepania, a he Abwehr Enigma maʻamau i hoʻohanaʻia e nā SS Germany.
- SG41 - he mīkini loea Kelemānia i manaʻo e hoʻololi iā Enigma. Ua lanakila maoli kēia mīkini i nā mea akamai ma Bletchley
- ʻO Colossus, kahi heluhelu heluhelu mua, ka'okipili papa helu waehana a me ka lolouila lolouila mua o ka honua. Ua kōkuaʻo Colossus i nā luna āpau i ka hōʻoiaʻana ua hāʻule nā poʻe Kelemānia no ka weheweheʻana i hūnā i ka pae'āina D-Day.
- Ua hana houʻiaʻo Bombe mīkini, kekahi kamepiula mua, i hana i ka hoʻololiʻana i nā hua'ōlelo Enigma nui.
- ʻO keʻano o nā hōʻike e hōʻike i ka moʻolelo o Bletchley Park, nā kiu, nā mea huna a me ka lawelaweʻana i nā misionari, a me nā hōʻike mai nā wā kaʻa a me nā pāʻani e hoʻokaʻawale i nā pūnaewele hōʻokoʻa wartime.
- ʻO ka Post Office, ka mea i lawelawe i ka 12,000 i noho a lawelawe ma Bletchley Park akā ua hūnāʻia a hiki i ka paʻikalaʻana i ka makahiki 1998.
- ʻO ka National Museum of Computing - he hui kūʻokoʻa, me ke kāohi hoʻokipa kū kaʻawale, kahi e hōʻike ana i ka mōʻaukala kahiko o Beretania, nā kūkulu'āina a me nā mīkini.
Alan Turing - Bletchley Park's Unsung Hero:
ʻO Alan Turing he mathematician akamai,ʻo ka meaʻepekema lolope a me ka cryptanalyst. He pionia papahana kahiko ia ma ka makahiki 1930,ʻo ia keʻano o ka hanaʻana,ʻo ka mea hana akamai. Hoʻoponopono maoliʻo ia i nā manaʻo o ka "algorithm" a me ka "helu". Ua kōkuaʻo Turing i ka mīkini pupuhi i hoʻokahuli i nā tausani o nā leka uila i Bletchley. I Ianuali o ka makahiki 1940, ua hoʻololi ke kāpena bomb maʻemaʻe i ka'ōlelo Enigma mua.
Akā, ma muli o kona'ālohilohi a me kona manawa kōkua,ʻo ka moʻoleloʻo Turing kekahi o nā pōʻino o ka moʻolelo mo'ōlelo. Uaʻikeʻia ke kāne male i ka wā i hanaʻia ai ka hana male kāne ma Beretania. I ka makahiki 1952, ua hoʻopiʻiʻiaʻo ia no ka hana koloheʻana ma hope o ka hōʻikeʻana i kahi wāwae kolohe i kahi'ōpio'ōpiopio i pili iā ia. Ua hewaʻo ia a, ma keʻano heʻokoʻa i ka hoʻopaʻi paʻahao, ka mālamaʻia me nā hormones wahine. Iʻelua makahiki ma hope mai, i ka makahiki 1954, ua makeʻo ia i ka lāʻauʻehā. ʻOiai ua hoʻomaluʻia e ke Koronero kona makeʻana, ua manaʻo kona makuahine a me nā hoa'ē aʻe he mea pōʻino. I ka makahiki 2009, ua hoʻolaha aku ke Kuhina Nui Gordon Brown, i kahi hōʻailona lehulehu no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana o "Tess".
Hiki iāʻoe ke aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana iā Turing, kona ola a me kona kōkua i ka cryptology a me kaʻepekemaʻepekema ma Bletchley.
ʻO wai ka mea e hauʻoli i ke kahua holo kaʻa?
Hiki i nā mea kelepona Kikohana, nā mea pāʻani koa o ka pāʻani, nā mathematicians a me nā mathematicians keʻike i ka mākaʻikaʻiʻana iā Bletchley Park. Nānā nā līlū a me nā kāpena cryptogram i nā mea maʻamau, nāʻohana I nā lā he kanahā, nā lā houʻana, nā hōʻikeʻike liʻiliʻi a me nā heleʻana i ka mālamaʻana iā Bletchley Park e pili ana i nā lālā'ē aʻe o kaʻohana eʻike ana he poʻe hoʻokūkū hāpai lākou.
He mea nui nā malihini e hele ai no ka Hale Hōʻikeʻikeʻo Bletchley a me ka National Museum of Computing:
Bletchley
- Kahi: The Mansion, Bletchley Park, Sherwood Drive, Bletchley, Milton Keynes, MK3 6EB. Inā hoʻohanaʻoe i ka SatNav, e hoʻohana i ka helu o ke alanui akāʻaʻole ka helu pou, hiki iāʻoe ke alakaʻi i kahi alaʻole.
- Kelepona: +44 (0) 1908 640404
- Ke komoʻana:ʻO nā mākua, hoʻoilina a me nā ticketsʻohana a me nā tickets no nā keiki 12-16. Hoʻokuʻuʻia nā kamaliʻi ma lalo o 12 a me nā pūʻulu o nā keiki ma o ka hoʻonohonoho mua.
- Nā hola:ʻO Kepakea wale nō nā lā no ka Mele Kalikimaka ma ka lā hoʻokūkū a me ka makahiki hou. ʻO ka hola hoʻomaha, 9:30 am a 4pm mai ka lā Nov. 1 a hiki i ka lā 28. ʻO ka hola e hoʻomaka ai i ka 5pm mai Malaki 1 aʻOkakopa 31
- Pūnaewele
- Nä Pono: Cafe ma Hut 4, kahi i hana maoli ai nä käpunipuni Naval. Ua hele nā huakaʻi alakaʻi i ke kumu kūʻai.
Ka Papahana'Ilepili Kūloko
- Kahi: Block H ma Bletchley Park
- Helu Hou: Telephone: +44 (0) 1908 374708
- Ke komoʻana: Nā kele i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia no nā mea a pau o TMOC a iʻole, hoʻemiʻia, no Koʻolau a me Tunny. Uku uku no ka poʻe'elemākuhi a me nā haumāna. Nā keiki i lalo o 12 makahiki. ʻAʻole nā malihini e hele i TMOC iʻole e uku i ka uku komo komoʻana o Bletchley Park e komo i ka Waihona Bletchley.
- Nā hola: Ko Colossus a me Tunny (kahi hana wehewehe WWII'ē aʻe) wehe i kēlā lā i kēia lā. Hōʻike'ē aʻe nāʻAha lā a me nā Pōʻalima mai ka lā 1 a hiki i ka holaʻehā ma ke kauwela a hiki i ka 5pm i ke kauwela
- Pūnaewele
- Nānā: Ka haleʻai a me nā mea hoʻomanaʻo, nā huakaʻi alakaʻi i ka uku.