E kipa i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻikeʻo Blenheim Palace ma nā Cotswolds

01 o 08

Ke nānāʻana i kahi wahi nui loa

ʻO ka Hale Hōʻikeʻikeʻo Blenheim, kekahi o nā hale noho nui loa ma Beretania, kahi hānau a me kahi home o Sir Winston Churchill. He mea naniʻo ka'ōlelo Pelekane Pelekane, a me kona mau kahua nani a me nā mea hoʻonani, kahi lā nui mai London,'Oxford, a me Birmingham.

Ua hoʻomakaʻo ia ma keʻano he makana na kekahi mō'ī aloha,ʻo Queen Anne, iā John Churchill, ka Duke o Marlborough mua, no ka hoʻohanohanoʻana i kona kuʻiʻana o ka Farani ma ke kauaʻo 1704 o Blenheim i ke Kaua o ka Paniolo Paniolo.

I ka manawa i paʻa ai ka hale flamboyant, ua hāʻule kekahi o nā mea kākau nui, nā mea hoʻolālā, nā mea kanu'āina, nā mea pena, nā kālai a me nā kiʻi kiʻi o ke kenekulia 18 i ka hanaʻana, akā ua hāʻule ka Duchess me nā poʻe a pau -ʻo ia hoʻi me ka Mō'īwahine oʻEnelani.

Ma kahi oʻelua hola mai ke kikowaena o London ma ke kaʻa (kahiʻole ma ke kaʻaahi a me ke kaʻa o ka moku), hiki i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Blenheim ke hele aku i Lādana a me ka "must" ma kahi huakaʻi o ka Hikina Hema aʻo Cotswolds paha. E lawe i kāna huakaʻi kiʻi, a laila e hoʻolālā i kāu kipa.

E hoʻolālā i kahi kipa i ka Halealiʻiʻo Blenheim

02 o 08

ʻO ka North Front

ʻO ka hale aliʻi, i kūkuluʻia no John Churchill, ka Duke o Marlborough mua,ʻo ia kona uku no ka alakaʻiʻana i nā pūʻali koa ma ke kauaʻo Blenheim. Ua hāʻawiʻo ia iā ia i ka "Manor a me ka hanohano o Woodstock a me ka haneli Wooton", me ka £ 240,000 e kūkulu i hale e lilo i mea hoʻomanaʻo i kona lanakila kaulana. ʻO ka hope loa,ʻo ka hale a me kona poʻe aliʻi kaulana no ka mea uaʻoi aku ka kaulana ma mua o ka lanakila i kūkuluʻia e kaena.

Ua hoʻonohonohoʻia nā Churchills i mauʻohana aliʻi, aʻo Sara ka wahine a John e pili aloha loa ana iā Queen Anne. Ma nā hōʻike a pau, pono pahaʻo ia he lima lima, no ka mea i ka wā i pau ai ka hale, ua hinaʻo ia me nā mea kūkulu hale, ka mea kākau, nā mea hana kiʻi a me nā mea hana lima,ʻaʻole e haʻi i ka Mō'īwahine.

Hiki i nā malihini ke hele mai iā Blenheim ke hoʻokele i ka hale aʻoluʻolu paha i nā kīhāpai, pākele a me nā mea likeʻole o kēia UNESCO Heritage Site.

03 o 08

ʻO ka Hale Leka ma Blenheim Palace

ʻOiai ua hele aku ke Duke o Marborough i ke kaua, i mua o ke alo o Farani ma ke kauaʻo Ramillies i ka makahiki 1706, ua hoʻolālā kāna wahineʻo Sara iā ia iho e hana i hale e hoʻomanaʻo i kona nani. Ma nā wahi a pau āu e nānā ai, he mau hōʻailona a he kāpili kaua.

ʻO John Done Vanghgh,ʻo ia hoʻi kekahi mea mele kahiko a me ka mea kūkulu hale o Castle Howard i Ioka, ua kōkuaʻo Nicholas Hawksmoor iā ia, nāna i hana i nā hale kaulana kaulana o ke kūlanakauhaleʻo Lākana. Lancelot "Manawai" Brown, hana i ka papa a me nā loko.

Akā, i ka liloʻana o ka papahana aʻoi aku ka waiwai nui a me ka waiwai, ua kīkiʻi ka Mō'ī Wahine a me Sara. Ua hoʻololiʻia ka politika i kaʻaha aloaliʻi, a i ka wā i hāʻule ai ke aloha o Marlboroughs i ka makahiki 1712, ua maloʻo ke kālā no ka pāhana. Ma ia manawa, liloʻo Vanbrugh i $ 45,000 a ua pau ka hana.

04 o 08

ʻO ka Hale Hoʻohanohano ma ka Hale Aliʻiʻo Blenheim

ʻOiaiʻo ke Duke o Marlborough e kaua ana i nā kaua,ʻo Sarah, ke Duchess, i hoʻolako iā ia iho i ka hanaʻana i hale hoʻomanaʻo i kona nani e like me ka Hōʻike Nui.

I ka wā i hāʻuleʻole ai ke aloha o Marlboroughs ma ke aloaliʻi, ua maloʻo ke kālā no ka kūkuluʻana i ka Halealiʻi o Blenheim. Ua lawe pioʻia lākou maʻEulopa noʻelua mau makahiki,ʻo ka hoʻi waleʻana i ka makeʻana o Queen Anne.

Hoʻomaka hou nā hana ma ka hale i ka makahiki 1716, akā, no ka mea ke uku neiʻo Duke mai loko mai o kāna pēke (£ 60,000 a pau) ua hōʻoleʻo ia e uku i nā uku pāpale. ʻO kekahi o nā kālai hana, e like me ke kālai kiʻiʻo Grinling Gibbons, nāna i hoʻonani i kēia keʻena, hōʻoleʻo ia e hoʻi i ka uku uku haʻahaʻa. Ua hoʻomaka houʻo Vanbrugh a me Hawksmoor akā ua haʻaleleʻo Vanbrugh me ka huhū i kekahi mau mahina ma hope mai, i ka'ōhumuʻana i nā koi ikaika a Duchess a me ka "hana kūponoʻole" iā ia. Me he mea lā, he mau loa nā pilikia me ka poʻe kūkulu hale.

Ua hoʻi akuʻo Hawksmoor i hope o ka makeʻana o ke Duke e hoʻokumu i kahi kūlana lanakila ma kona hanohano. Akāʻaʻole iʻae houʻiaʻo Vanbrugh ma ka waiwai.

ʻOiai nā Dramas ...

... ua hanaʻia kekahi hale nani. Hele nā ​​kipa i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻikeʻo Blenheim ma o ka Hale Hōʻike nui, ma mua o ka hoʻomakaʻana i nā huakaʻi heleʻana o nā lumi hoʻokipa. Ua penaʻia ka peʻahi kiʻekiʻe he 67 kapuaʻi o ka Hall e Sir James Thornhill a hōʻike mai i ka Duke mua ma kaʻaʻahu Roma e hōʻike ana i kāna palapala kaua i Britannia.

ʻO nā kiʻi kiʻi pōhaku e pili ana i ke keʻena, e Grinling Gibbons a he papa helu'ōlelo o ka hale e wehewehe ana iā lākou he "mea kupanaha nui loa a hohonu i ka hohonu." I loko o kēia keʻena, eʻimi i ke kāhe keleawe keleawe o ka 9 Duke i loko o ka papa hanohano o nā kapa kāhiko, e Sir Jacob Epstein.

05 o 08

ʻO ka Green Paper Room ma Blenheim Palace

ʻO ka lumiʻo Kina ka pae mua i ka huakaʻiʻo Blenheim Palace. Ma waena o nā keʻena Sevres a me Meissen i hōʻikeʻia i laila, e nānā i nā Meissen e hoʻopihaʻia me nā lemon i mea e pono ai. He wahi ia o ka lawelawe i hāʻawiʻia i ke kolu o Duke e ka Mō'ī o Polani no ke kūʻaiʻana no kahi pahu o nā lio.

Ua hanaʻia kekahi keʻena maʻemaʻe ma loko o ka lumi, i hoʻonaniʻia me ka hōʻailona hou, no ka millennium e Viscount Linley, ke keiki hanauna a Mō'īwahine i kēia manawa.

ʻO kahi lumi heluhelu

Ma nā kenekulia 18 a me 19, hiki i ka poʻe malihini kipa e hele ana i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Blenheim, ua hāʻawiʻia i ka hoʻohanaʻia o kahi lumi pihaʻekolu. ʻO ka Green Paper Room, i kiʻiʻia maʻaneʻi, kahi o kahi papaʻa e komo pū kekahi:

• ʻO kaʻOi KekonaʻOka i kāhikoʻia i keʻano o Louis XV. He papa kuʻupuʻu i hoʻolālāʻia, i kāhikoʻia i ka lau gula 24K, na Nicholas Hawksmoor a me ke kauka nani nani a Gosselin o Paris. E nānā i ke kiʻi o ka 4th Duke i loko o kāna papa hanohano o nāʻaʻahuʻaʻahu (e like me George Washington). Ma ke kumu, hiki iāʻoe keʻike i keʻano o ke'enekeʻana o ka "Capability" Brown ma ke kenekulia 18 a me ka luakini o Diana, kahi lapuwale kūikawā, kahi i hāʻawiʻia aiʻo Winston Churchill i kāna wahine.
• ʻO ka Hale Hōʻolima i hoʻonaniʻia me nā mea me Chippendale a me nā kāpena Savonniere. ʻElua kiʻi kiʻi e lawe ai i kahi manawa o ke kiʻiʻo 4th Duke me konaʻohana e Sir Joshua Reynolds a me ke kiʻi o ka 9 o Duke me kāna wahineʻAmelikaʻo Consuelo Vanderbilt, i penaʻia e ka mea kiʻi kiʻi Hawaiʻi a John Singer Sargent.

ʻO ka papa hōʻike papa

Ma waena o nā waihona waiwai o kēia keʻena,ʻo ka mea kaulana loaʻo ka hoʻokūkū Belgian e hōʻike ana i ka 1st Duke eʻae ana i ka hoihoiʻiaʻana o ka Farani ma ke kauaʻo Blenheim. He mea kupaianaha no ka mea ua aneane hiki keʻike maka maka. ʻO ka mea makemake i ke kenekulia 1800, pono e hoʻolōʻihi i kekahi manawa e aʻo i nā hana a pau ma hope o ka hana nui o ka pahu.

06 o 08

ʻO ka Saloon

E noʻonoʻo e loaʻa kahi lumi i loko o kou hale e hoʻohana wale aiʻoe i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. ʻO ka Saloon, ka lumiʻaina ma ka halealiʻiʻo Blenheim, kahiʻano lumi. Ke hoʻohana nei kaʻohana o Duke o Marlborough i ka papaʻaina ahiahi a me ka mea e pili ana.

Ua penaʻia nā kiʻikuhi a me nā pena i loko o kēia lumi nani e ka mea pena Palani Louis Laguerre, a ua hāʻawiʻo ia i $ 500 no ka hailona. Ua kauohaʻiaʻo Sir James Thornhill, ka mea i pena i ke kepau o ka Hale Nui, e hana i kēia lumi, akāʻo Sara, ka 1st Duchess o Marlborough i hakakā i kāna uku. Ua kaulanaʻo ia no ka hoʻopaʻapaʻaʻana i nā uku a me ka hakakāʻana me nā paʻahana a me nā paʻahana āna i hoʻolimalima ai. I ka hakakā like me nā mea kūkulu, ua hoʻopau kahi mea kālai kiʻiʻo Grinling Gibbons i kekahi o nā puka ma ke kelepona i kālaiʻia i ka wā i hoʻomahaʻia ai ka hana ma ka hale i 1712.ʻAʻole i hoʻi mai i ka wā i hoʻomaka houʻia ka hana.

ʻO ke kikowaena kālā nui ma luna o kēia lumi e hōʻike ana i ka 1st Duke, ma luna o ka lio, e kākau ana i kahi leka i kāna wahine, e aʻo ana iā ia e hōʻike i ka lanakila ma Blenheim iā Queen Anne. ʻO ka mea i kākauʻia, i kākauʻia ma ke kua o ka pānui tavern, e mālamaʻia ma ka Hale Waihona Puke o Beritania (kahi kope i mālamaʻia ma loko o ka Moku'āina Moku'āina). ʻO ke kikowaena nui i hanaʻia e Garrard, ka poʻe Kalepuniʻo Kelepa.

07 o 08

ʻO ka lumi mua ma ka Halealiʻiʻo Blenheim

ʻO nā hanana'ē aʻe o nā poʻe Pelekania e hōʻike nei i nā lanakila lanakila o Marborough ma ka papa mua oʻekolu mau "state" e pili ana i ka Saloon i ka Long Library.

Ua kauoha akuʻo Duke Duke i 11 mau paʻi kiʻi, mai ka mea ulana Belgian, a no ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana i ka holomuaʻana o nā pūʻali koa i ka 1800. Ke hōʻikeʻia nei ke kauaʻo Blenheim tapestry ma ka puka kākau Green. Ma waena o nā mea i hōʻikeʻia ma kēia lumi he:

• ʻO ke kākoʻo o Donauworth, e hōʻike ana i ka pūʻali koa o Marborough e hoʻomākaukau ana e hōʻeuʻeu i ka pā kaua a me ke kūlanakauhale paʻa.
• Ke Kauaʻo Malplaquet
• ʻO ka heleʻana i nā Lines o Brabant
• ʻO ka palena o Lille.

Aia ma luna o ke kapuahi kahi kiʻi o Consuelo Vanderbilt, ka wahine wahine mua o American o ka 9 Duke. ʻO paha, nā kālā Vanderbilt i kōkua i ka hoʻouka houʻana o kēia lumi. Hoʻonaniʻia me ka 9 carat gula a kopeʻia mai kahi hoʻokipa ma Versailles.

ʻO ka Quit-Rent Standard

ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui o ka Hale Aliʻiʻo Blenheim,ʻo ia ka paona Quit-Rent. ʻO kahi hae me nā pua luluʻekolu,ʻo ia ke kūlana aliʻi o Farani. Ma ke kauoha a Queen Anne, hāʻawiʻia kekahi mea hou Quit-Rent i ka mō'ī i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka makahiki o ke kauaʻo Blenheim.

ʻOiai ma loko o kēia keʻena, eʻike ponoʻoe i ka nānāʻana aku i kahi'ōpiopio, kahi liʻiliʻi a kahi a Duchess Consuelo i'ōleʻa ai i kāna mau keikikāneʻelua, a lilo kekahi o lāua i 10th Duke.

08 o 08

ʻO ka Long Library ma Blenheim Palace

Ua mālamaʻia ma mua o 10,000 mau puke ma ka Long Library, i hoʻolālāʻia e Vanbrugh a hoʻolālāʻia e Nicholas Hawksmoor.

ʻO kahi lumi o nā superlatives,ʻo ka Long Library e hoʻopau ana i ka lōʻihi o ka mua ma ke komohana o ka hale aliʻi aʻo ia kekahi o nā lumi lōʻihi loa ma kahi hale kūʻokoʻa ma Beretania. I ka wā kahiko, ua hana nā wāhine i kā lākou hana i ka wā kūpono ma o ka holoholoʻana i loko o ka lumiʻo Vanbrugh i ho'ākākaʻia ma keʻano he "lumi hanohano o ka papahele a iʻole ke kiʻi kiʻi." Ma kahi o 183 kapuaʻi ka lōʻihi a he 32 kapuaʻi ke kiʻekiʻe, aia nō i loko o ka waihona puke lōʻihi kekahi mea i hanaʻia e Henry Willis i ka makahiki 1891 -ʻo ke keu nui loa i loko o kahi hale noho i Europa.

ʻOiai i hoʻonohonoho muaʻia e Vanbrugh,ʻo ka Hale Lā Hale ma Blenheim Palace i kapaʻiaʻo ia ka lumi maikaʻi o Hawksmoor i loko o ka hale. E hoʻolālā i ka manawa e nānā aʻe i nā pāpale kila stupcco, meʻelua mau'āpana hoʻopunipuni, i hoʻopauʻia i ka makahiki 1725.

Hōʻike hou nā papa hakahaka paepae i kekahi likeʻole me nā mea hoʻohālike. Ua kauoha muaʻiaʻo Sir James Thornhill e hoʻopiha iā lākou i nā kiʻi kūpono. Ua uku nuiʻiaʻo ia a no lailaʻaʻole i nele. ʻO ka meaʻoluʻolu, ma kēia hōʻikeʻike o ka Baroque Baroka,ʻo nā panakū pano paniʻole e hāʻawi i ka lumi iʻoi aku keʻano māmā, kahiʻoi aku o keʻano neoclassical a iʻole o Georgian o ka Robert Adam o ka hopena o ke kenekulia 1800.

Uaʻike ka Library Long i nāʻano likeʻole o nā makahiki. I loko o ke Kaua Honua I kahi pilikua a i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua II, ua liloʻo ia he hale moe no nā keikikāne Kulaʻo Malvern. Mai ka makahiki 1940 a hiki i ka makahiki 1944, ua hoʻopiha nā kāhuna o MI5 i ka lumi me kā lākou mau papa a me kaʻoihanaʻikeʻike malu. I kēia lā, hoʻohanaʻia ka Long Library no nā pōpō aloha.

Eʻike hou e pili ana i ka heleʻana i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Blenheim a hoʻolālā i kou lā.