ʻO El Zócalo kahi manawa e hoʻohanaʻia ai e pili ana i kahiʻoihana nui o kahi kūlanakauhale Mexican. Manaʻoʻia he hua'ōlelo ka hua'ōlelo mai ka'ōlelo Italian mai zoccolo ,ʻo ia hoʻi ka hua'ōlelo a me ka paepae. Ma ka kenekulia 19, ua hoʻonohonohoʻia kekahi paepae i waenakonu o ke kuhi nui o Mekikoka e lilo i kumu no kahi hoʻomanaʻo e hoʻomanaʻo ai i ka kūʻokoʻa o Mexican. ʻAʻole i hoʻokumuʻia ke kiʻi a hoʻomaka nā kānaka e kuhikuhi i ka pākuʻi like iā Zócalo.
I kēia manawa ma nā kūlanakauhale he nui wale i Mekiko, kapaʻia ka inoa nuiʻo Zócalo.
Kohana Hoʻolālāʻo Colonial
I ka makahiki 1573, ua hoʻoholoʻia ka Mō'ī Philip II ma nā kānāwai o ka'Āina e pono ai ke hoʻonohonohoʻia nā moku colonial ma Mekiko me nā'āina'ē aʻe o Sepania i kekahiʻano. Pono e waihoʻia i loko o ke ala polina me kahi'āpana kikohā ma ke kikowaena e hoʻopuniʻia e nā ala pololei e kau ma nā'ākau'ākau. ʻO ka halepule ma kahiʻaoʻao (ʻo ia hoʻi ka hikina) o ka plaza, aʻo ka hale aupuni e kūkuluʻia ma kēlāʻaoʻao. ʻO nā hale e hoʻopuni ana i ka plaza e hele i uka e hiki ai i nā kālepa ke hoʻonohonoho pono i kahi kūʻai ma laila. ʻO ke kikowaena waena ka mea i hoʻonohonohoʻia e lilo i puʻuwai hoʻomana, politika, waiwai, a me ka pilina o ke kūlanakauhale.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kūlanakauhale panaike o Mexico e hōʻike nei i kēia hana, akā aia kekahi, e like me nā kauhale o Taxco a me Guanajuato, i kūkuluʻia ma nā wahi me kaʻikeʻole i kahi hikiʻole ke hoʻokō ponoʻia kēia kumumanaʻo.
ʻO kēia mau kūlanakauhale he mau puka makani makani ma mua o nā ala pololei i kahi'ōnaehe kikowahi a mākou iʻike pinepine ai.
ʻO Zócaloʻo Mexico City
ʻO ka Mexico City Zocalo ka mea kumu, ka mea nui loa, a me ka mea kaulana loa. ʻO kona inoa inoaʻo Plaza de la Constitución . Aiaʻo ia ma nā puʻu o ke kūlanakauhaleʻo Aztecʻo Tenochtitlan.
Ua kūkuluʻia ke kahua kahua ma loko o ka'āpana kapu kahiko o nā Aztecs a he māhele ia o kona Templo Mayor, ka luakini nui o nā Aztecs, i hoʻolaʻaʻia no nā akuaʻo Huitzilopochtli (ke akua o ke kaua) a me Tlaloc. Ua kauʻia ma ka hikina me ka mea i kapaʻiaʻo "New Houses" o Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin a ma ke komohana e "Casas Viejas" aʻo ka Halealiʻi o'Axayácatl. Ma hope o ka hōʻeaʻana o nā Spaniards i nā makahiki 1500, ua hoʻokiʻekiʻeʻia ke Templo Mayor a ua hana nā mea hana Spania i nā pōhaku mai ia mea a me nā hale Aztec'ē aʻe e hoʻomākaukau i ka Plaza Mayor hou i ka makahiki 1524. Uaʻikeʻia nā koena o ka luakini nui o nā Aztecs. ma ke kahe o arāʻau o Templo Mayor kahi e kū nei i ka'ākau hikina o ka pāpū, ma waho aʻe o ka Cathedral Metropolitan Cathedral .
I loko o kona wā a pau, ua hele ka plaza ma nā hana he nui. Ua hoʻonohonohoʻia nā māla, nā monuments, nā kahepa, nā makaikai, nā alahele tram, nā pūnāwai a me nā mea nani'ē aʻe a weheʻia i nā manawa he nui. I ka makahiki 1956, uaʻikeʻia kaʻokoʻa o kaʻenehana i kēia manawa: he 840 kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma 500 kapuaʻi (195 x 240 mika) me kahi hae nui wale ma ke kikowaena.
I kēia manawa, hoʻohanaʻia ka Zorocalo i wahi no kahi hōʻike kū'ē, nā hana hoʻolimalima e like me ka hau hau i ka wā o ke Keʻalani, nā'ahamele, nā hōʻikeʻike a me nā mea kūʻai puke a iʻole he kikowaena nui nui e kāhea aku i ka poʻe Mexikana i ka hopena o nā pōpilikia kūlohelohe .
Hāʻawiʻia ka hui Grito makahiki i Zócalo i kēlā me kēia makahiki e hoʻokipa i ka lā Independence Day Mexico ma ka lā 15 o Sepatemaba. ʻO kēia wahi kahi kahi o ka heleʻana a me kekahi mau hoʻonāukiuki.
Inā makemakeʻoe eʻike maikaʻi i ka Mexico City Zócalo, aia kekahi mau hale haleʻai a me nā hale hoʻokipa e hāʻawi ana i nā manaʻo nui e like me ka haleʻaina o Gran Hotel Ciudad de México, a me ka Best Western Hotel Majestic. Hāʻawi maikaʻi ka Balcón del Zócalo i nā manaʻo maikaʻi a aia ma ka Hotel Zócalo Central.
Hiki i nā zócalos o nā kūlanakauhale'ē aʻe he mau lāʻau a me kahi pale i waenakonu e like me ka Oaxaca City Zócalo a me ka Plaza de Armasʻo Guadalajara , aiʻole he pūnāwai, e like me Pueblaʻo Zócalo . I kekahi manawa ua loaʻa iā lākou nā kī a me nā hale hoʻokipa ma nā pā a puni lākou, no laila, he wahi maikaʻi lākou no ka hoʻomahaʻana mai kaʻikeʻana a ke hauʻoli nei i kahi poʻe e nānā.
ʻO kekahi inoa'ē aʻe paha ...
ʻO ka manawaʻo Zócalo ka mea maʻamau, akā, hoʻohana kekahi mau kūlanakauhale ma Mexico i nā hua'ōlelo'ē aʻe e pili i ko lākou wahi papahana nui. Ma San Miguel de Allende, kahi i kapaʻiaʻo El Jardín a me Mérida kahi i kapaʻiaʻo La Plaza Grande . I ka wā kānalua, hiki iāʻoe ke noi no "la plaza main" aiʻole "plaza mayor" a eʻike nā mea a pau i kāu mea e kamaʻilio nei.